{
  "seo": {
    "title": "Official CEFR Descriptors by Boundary",
    "description": "Browse the official descriptors of the CEFR Companion Volume (2020), reproduced in full at the B1–B2 and B2–C1 boundaries across all seven language activities.",
    "keywords": "CEFR descriptors, companion volume 2020, CEFR reference, B1 B2, B2 C1"
  },
  "hero": {
    "h1": "The official CEFR descriptors, boundary by boundary",
    "subtitle": "The CEFR Companion Volume (Council of Europe, 2020) describes what a learner “can do” at each level, scale by scale. It is the reference text assessors rely on — and the methodological backbone of CEFRhub.",
    "coverage": "Of the roughly 1,700 descriptors in the Companion Volume, we publish those at the two boundaries where decisions are made — B1→B2 and B2→C1 — across all seven language activities: 14 crossings, over 400 official descriptors, reproduced in full."
  },
  "boundaries": {
    "b1b2": {
      "title": "The B1 → B2 boundary",
      "intro": "From threshold-level independence to advanced independent user: the most consequential boundary for study, immigration and employment.",
      "items": {
        "oralProduction": {
          "title": "Oral production",
          "desc": "The activity where the boundary shows fastest — often within the first thirty seconds.",
          "count": "33 descriptors"
        },
        "writtenProduction": {
          "title": "Written production",
          "desc": "When a text becomes a self-contained unit rather than a string of sentences.",
          "count": "17 descriptors"
        },
        "oralComprehension": {
          "title": "Oral comprehension",
          "desc": "From relying on the speaker's cooperation to genuine listener autonomy.",
          "count": "26 descriptors"
        },
        "readingComprehension": {
          "title": "Reading comprehension",
          "desc": "When reading stops consuming every resource and frees capacity for analysis.",
          "count": "38 descriptors"
        },
        "mediatingText": {
          "title": "Mediating a text",
          "desc": "Summarising, rephrasing, passing information on: the largest corpus of the seven activities.",
          "count": "61 descriptors"
        },
        "mediatingCommunication": {
          "title": "Mediating communication",
          "desc": "The least linguistic of the seven activities: facilitating exchange between people.",
          "count": "16 descriptors"
        },
        "mediatingConcepts": {
          "title": "Mediating concepts",
          "desc": "The shift from participating in group work to leading it.",
          "count": "26 descriptors"
        }
      }
    },
    "b2c1": {
      "title": "The B2 → C1 boundary",
      "intro": "The entry into proficient use: the boundary of demanding academic and professional requirements.",
      "items": {
        "oralProduction": {
          "title": "Oral production",
          "desc": "Structuring extended discourse without the effort showing.",
          "count": "28 descriptors"
        },
        "writtenProduction": {
          "title": "Written production",
          "desc": "Texts that create an effect, not just convey information.",
          "count": "17 descriptors"
        },
        "oralComprehension": {
          "title": "Oral comprehension",
          "desc": "Understanding what isn't said: implication, register, intent.",
          "count": "25 descriptors"
        },
        "readingComprehension": {
          "title": "Reading comprehension",
          "desc": "Reading the intent that organises a text, beyond its content.",
          "count": "23 descriptors"
        },
        "mediatingText": {
          "title": "Mediating a text",
          "desc": "Transforming the text, beyond merely shrinking it.",
          "count": "55 descriptors"
        },
        "mediatingCommunication": {
          "title": "Mediating communication",
          "desc": "Making a blocked exchange possible between distant positions.",
          "count": "21 descriptors"
        },
        "mediatingConcepts": {
          "title": "Mediating concepts",
          "desc": "From supporting the group to coaching individual thinking.",
          "count": "30 descriptors"
        }
      }
    }
  },
  "crossLink": {
    "text": "Looking to place a score or level against the CEFR instead?",
    "label": "Browse the framework equivalencies"
  },
  "attribution": {
    "title": "Source and licence",
    "p1": "The descriptors reproduced in this library come from the CEFR Companion Volume (2020), © Council of Europe, reproduced under the",
    "licenseLabel": "CC BY 4.0 licence",
    "licenseUrl": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "sourceLabel": "CEFR Companion Volume (2020) — Council of Europe",
    "sourceUrl": "https://www.coe.int/en/web/common-european-framework-reference-languages",
    "p3": "The introductions, commentary and groupings are the work of CEFRhub and do not commit the Council of Europe."
  },
  "faq": {
    "title": "Frequently asked questions",
    "items": [
      {
        "q": "What is a CEFR descriptor?",
        "answer": "A descriptor is a “can-do” statement describing concretely what a learner can accomplish at a given level, for a specific language activity. CEFR levels are not scores: they are sets of observable descriptors."
      },
      {
        "q": "Where do these descriptors come from?",
        "answer": "From the CEFR Companion Volume published by the Council of Europe in 2020, which extends and updates the 2001 Framework. We reproduce them verbatim, without rewording, under the CC BY 4.0 licence with attribution."
      },
      {
        "q": "Which part of the CEFR is covered here?",
        "answer": "14 crossings: the seven language activities (oral and written production, oral and reading comprehension, three mediation families) at the two boundaries B1→B2 and B2→C1 — over 400 descriptors. This is not the entire corpus: the Companion Volume contains roughly 1,700 descriptors across six levels, and this library focuses on the two boundaries where assessment decisions are made."
      }
    ]
  }
}